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The Dark Side of Light: Night-time Illumination Threatens Insects
A recent study by the Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center Frankfurt and the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz shows the dramatic effects of artificial night-time lighting on insects. The researchers studied the midge species Chironomus riparius and found that light pollution caused profound changes in 1564 larval genes. The consequences are alarming: delayed development, increased oxidative stress, and a drastically reduced reproductive capacity. In the journal “Environmental Pollution,” the researchers warn of far-reaching ecological consequences and call for measures to reduce light pollution in order to protect biodiversity and the stability of ecosystems. Wherever people live, there is light: illuminated apartments, houses, streets, billboards, construction sites, office buildings, or local landmarks.…
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Bats: Corona Without Symptoms
Bats have the ability to tolerate coronaviruses and other viruses without becoming ill. This is due to special adaptations in their immune system. As part of the “Bat1K” project, an international research team has now generated high-quality genomes of bats in order to analyze these adaptations. The study, published today in the renowned scientific journal “Nature,” shows that bats have more genetic adaptations in their immune genes than other mammals. The ISG15 gene, in particular, plays a key role: in some bats, it can reduce the production of SARS-CoV-2 viruses by up to 90 percent. The results could help to develop new medical approaches to combat viral diseases. Bats are…
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How Can We Help Our Rivers?
An international research team led by Senckenberg scientist Prof. Dr. Peter Haase has evaluated the results of global measures to protect biodiversity in rivers. Their study, now published in the renowned scientific journal “Nature Reviews Biodiversity,” shows that many protection and renaturation measures fall short and often only achieve limited success. In order to sustainably protect river ecosystems and halt the serious loss of biodiversity, holistic measures are needed on a larger, transnational scale that involve various social groups. Rivers are the lifelines of our planet. For thousands of years, people have settled along rivers and benefited from the advantages they offer, such as clean drinking water, energy, food, transportation,…
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Just Five More Minutes: News On the Evolution of Hibernation
An international research team led by Senckenberg scientists Dr. Dimitrios-Georgios Kontopoulos and Prof. Dr. Michael Hiller has investigated the evolution of different types of torpor – the temporary sharp drop in metabolism and body temperature to conserve energy – in numerous mammals and birds. Their study, recently published in the scientific journal “Functional Ecology,” shows that the “energy-saving mode,” which is widespread in the animal kingdom, has emerged several times independently of each other in different groups of animals over the course of evolution. According to the study, the two main torpor types – the short-term “daily torpor” lasting up to 24 hours and the markedly more prolonged hibernation –…
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Sea More Species? Genetic Differences Discovered in Blue Whale Populations
A research team from the Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (SBiK-F), the former LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), and Goethe University Frankfurt has gained fascinating genetic insights into the evolution of the largest animal on earth, the iconic blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus). Their study, published in the journal “Molecular Ecology,” provides evidence that blue whales from the North Pacific and North Atlantic may represent separate subspecies. Conservation measures should be specifically adapted to the individual populations, according to the researchers from Frankfurt. Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) can reach a length of up to 30 meters and weigh over 180 tons, making them the largest known whale species…
